Periodontics chapter 6 gingival disease flashcards. It is crucial to diagnose and manage gingival diseases as early as possible as they have the potential to further progress, causing a severe breakdown of periodontal support. Melanosis bulbi or melanosis oculi has maplike pigment areas in the sclera. Occurrence and localization in the attached gingiva. Oral candidiasis has three common oral variants pseudomembraneous candidiasis, erythematous candidiasis, angular cheilitis and several less common variants hyperplastic candidiasis, linear gingival erythema associated with hiv infection. The surface is kept moist with mucus produced by the major and numerous minor salivary glands. Smoking status and smokerelated gingival melanin pigmentation. Chapel and associates reported 14 cases of volar melanotic macules and considered them to resemble closely the labial melanotic macule clinically and histologically. Gingival enlargements are quite common and may be either inflammatory, non inflammatory or a combination of both.
The oral mucosa is examined at multiple magnifications and features such as subepithelial mucosal vessels, surface patterns. Gingival hyperpigmentation is mostly caused by the physiologic deposition of melanin by melanocytes. To evaluate supragingival and subgingival plaque formation on the dentogingival area in smokers and never smokers using the experimental gingivitis model and a plaque scoring system that considers the presence of an area free of plaque between plaque and the gingival sulcus called the plaque free zone pfz. Although the gingival index and sulcus bleeding index have been widely used as. The gmr is an effective method to assess gingival melanosis. System and method for the photodynamic treatment of burns. The removal of melanin spots combining the use of the scalpel and abrasion is an effective technique, and has a low rate of repigmentation after 18 months follow.
The buccal mucosa was the most common site for smokers melanosis in that african study. Children are exposed to various gingival diseases, similar to those found in adults, yet differ in some aspects. Oral pigmentation is asymptomatic and does not usually cause any alteration to the texture or thickness of the affected area. One year after the start of cigarette smoking a clinically visible smokers melanosis could be seen in 12. Other signs of inflammation include fever, leukocytosis or an increase in the number of circulating white blood cells, the presence of acutephase proteins including creactive pro. Apr 28, 2015 disclosed is a system and method for treatment of skin disorders. Oral and maxillofacial pathology free ebook download as pdf file. In most cases, the enlargement results because of local irritations. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of smoking on lip and gingival.
The submucosa underlying the lamina propria of the oral cavity is variable. The colour can be uniform or speckled and can appear solitary or as multiple lesions. Part of oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and surrounds the necks of the teeth. Aesthetic depigmentation of gingival smokers melanosis. The oral cavity is lined by a mucous membrane the oral mucosa consisting of a stratified squamous epithelium, which may or may not be keratinized, and an underlying connective tissue layer, the lamina propria. In acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis also known as trench mouth or vincent angina, the interdental gingival papillae become ulcerated and friable. This book is a practical, userfriendly guide to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the oral mucosal lesions most frequently encountered in pediatric patients. The longitudinal loss of gingival melanosis was confirmed by a change in the gmr among patients who successfully achieved smoking cessation for a mean of 4. It is important to be patient in this part of the implant treatment. Measurement of reduced gingival melanosis after smoking. Cleft tongue bifid tongue completely cleft tongue is a rare condition caused by a failure of the lateral lingual swellings to merge.
Recently, charruel and colleagues investigated the gingival line angle gla asymmetry between the right and left sides from the frontal perspective only. Primary acquired melanosis of the conjunctiva is biologically different from the other mucosal melanoses because it frequently progresses to malignant melanoma. Suzanne swanson, in comprehensive pediatric hospital medicine, 2007. Case report a 18 year old male patient reported to the dept of oral. Gingival enlargement and its treatment authorstream. Pdf interrelationship of smoking, lip and gingival melanin. Smokers melanosis or postinflammatory pigmentation may present as large pigmented areas, but this pig mentation tends to be brownish in colour and generally not as dark as melanoma. Gingival margin definition of gingival margin by medical.
Automated segmentation of gingival diseases from oral images aman rana 1, gregory yauney, lawrence c. Jun 27, 2015 papers on biochemistry, morphology and immunology of. Both dermoscopy and invivo reflectance confocal microscopy rcm demonstrated high levels of diagnostic accuracy for basal cell carcinoma bcc diagnosis. Barel has authored numerous publications in the field of dermatocosmetic sciences and is a member of the board of the international society for bioengineering and the skin. Gingival depigmentation is the treatment aiming to remove the melanin hyperpigmentation and it can be done by several techniques including mechanical, surgical, electrosurgical, cryosurgical, free. In this process the medically desirable is brought into line with the medically possible, taking into account legal stipulations and the situation at the workplaces, and the result is guidelines which are oriented on daytoday procedures.
It also has histologic counterparts that occur on other oral mucosal surfaces. In your slides, the submucosa will be distinguished from the lamina propria only by the presence of minor salivary glands in a loose textured tissue, and we do not ask. Physiological gingival melanin hyperpigmentation is often more pronounced in the anterior than in the posterior part of the mouth, and the buccallabial surfaces. Barel is coeditor of informa healthcares first and second editions of the handbook of cosmetic science and technology.
Pdf hyperpigmentation of the gingiva is an aesthetic problem in some. Tissue management includes placing the gingival tissues away from the preparation margins so they can be impressed, combined with providing for hemostasis when the gingival tissues are susceptible to bleeding. It varies in width from 1 to 9 mm and extends from the free margin of the gingiva to the alveolar mucosa. Conclusion the removal of melanin spots combining the use of the scalpel and. Fhe gingival margins of the two central incisors should be at the same level. Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. The normal and pathological pigmentation of oral mucous. Nothing to disclose ede100 image interpretation exhibit in digital format education exhibits location. Nothing to disclose jonathan weirmccall mbbch, frcr.
Once such gem is the textbook of oral medicine, oral diagnosis and oral radiology brought out by dr ravikiran ongole and dr praveen bn, committed academicians with a number of scientific publications and a previous textbook to their credit. Elevated gingival margin a thorough examination of the gingiva includes evaluation of color, size, shape form or contour, consistency, surface texture, position of the gingival margin and junctional epithelium, mucogingival junctions, bleeding and exudate. Gingival enlargement the currently accepted terminology for an increase in the size of the gingiva, is a common feature of gingival disease. The iris is usually heavily pigmented with melanosis bulbimelanosis oculi. Pdf disappearance of smokers melanosis after reducing. In order to assess the diagnostic accuracy of survey radiography for canine congenital cardiac anomalies, thoracic radiographs of 57 dogs with congenital cardiac anomalies, 31 normal dogs and 27 dogs with acquired cardiac. Lewis, fabrizio bogliatto, marc van beurden download bok. Melanic pigmentation results from melanin produced by the melanocytes present in the basal layer of the oral epithelium. The loss of gingival melanosis after smoking cessation can be objectively confirmed with the use of the gmr.
Direct oral microscopy constitutes a novel, noninvasive diagnostic technique, which aids clinical examination of the oral cavity. Oct 19, 2018 are you interested in hearing about new discoveries in the vitiligo community. It takes an english sentence and breaks it into words to determine if it is a phrase or a clause. Firstly, the gingival margins of the central incisors should be on the same level, furthermore, they should position themselves more apically to the margins of the lateral incisors and remain on the same level of the margins of the canines. Free essays, homework help, flashcards, research papers, book reports, term papers, history, science, politics. Automated segmentation of gingival diseases from oral images. Burkets oral medicine, 11th edition pdf free download. A film of plaque adhering to the free gingival margin and adjacent area of the. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u.
Epub find, read and cite all the research you need on. A case of infiltrating melanoma originating in hutchinsons malignant lentigo or precancerous melanosis of dubreuilh author links open overlay panel david grinspan m. Gingival pigmentation affected by smoking among different age. The gingivae and alveolar mucosa are separated by a demarcation called the mucogingival junction mgj, which marks the differentiation between stippled keratinized tissue and.
Pericoronitis is a local infection of the gingiva surrounding an erupting tooth. Our dermatology online is a international journal that publishes original contributions in the field of dermatology, including papers on biochemistry, morphology and immunology of the skin. Epub find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The gum around the gingiva former must have time to become fully developed before an impression can be made. Bronzing of the skin and patchy melanosis, of the gingiva, palate and buccal mucosa are classical. Giovanni pellacani personale unimore pubblicazioni. The process affects most often the anterior facial gingiva of both jaws, but with a predilection for the mandible. Periodontal chart department of periodontology school. These diseases could be plaque or nonplaque induced, familial, or may be associated with a systemic condition. Application of direct oral microscopy in evaluating mucosal.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Free gingival graft tamizi et al 1996 used free gingival auto graft treatment of pigmentation and obtained successful results. More particularly, the disclosed invention is directed toward the use of multiple light sources for treating skin with or without the. Ede009b neuroradiology case of the day ede100 image pdf. Click here to read about the new version without adobe flash. Comparison of two gingival displacement procedures the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Googles free service instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between english and over 100 other languages.
Although melanin pig mentation of the gingiva is comp letely benign and does not present a med. Phenytoin induced gingival enlargement affects at least 4050% of patients who use the drug for longer than 3months. A gingival melanin index in 4 degrees was established. Sudarshan dmrd, frcr nothing to disclose avinash k. Diagnostic considerations clinically, gingival melanosis appears as dark stains in shades of black, brown, and dark. This is strictly a clinical description of the condition and avoids the erroneous pathologic connotations of terms used in the past such as hypertrophic gingivitis or gingival hyperplasia. The gingival zenith of the canine is apical to the gingival zenith of the incisors gla melanosis histologically. The smokingrelated oral pigmentation, smokers melanosis, could thus be calculated at a prevalence of 18. Primary malignant melanoma of maxillary gingiva a case. Additional instructions and trouble shooting are included with the game. This paper aims to illustrate the use of a carbon dioxide laser in the removal of the gingival melanic pigmentation for. Comparison of two gingival displacement procedures full. The aim was to clinically study the frequency and extension of the melanin pigmentation in the attached gingiva and its relation to tobacco smoking. Smokers melanosis is a brownish discoloration of the oral mucosa.
Smokers melanosis is seen in people with a long habit of smoking and is frequently located on the mandibular anterior gingiva in cigarette. Pdf treatment of gingival melanosis and melanic repigmentation. The physiologic explanations for these signs appear in table i. Collegium antropologicum progression of conjunctival primary acquired melanosis pam to widely spreaded malignant melanoma. A study of turkish army recruits revealed gingival pigmentation in 27. This paper aims to illustrate the use of a carbon dioxide laser in the removal of the gingival melanic pigmentation for aesthetic reasons in a 27yearold female patient with history of a. At times the lamina propria and submucosa are substantively so similar that they merge imperceptibly. Oral and maxillofacial pathology dental degree medical. Gingival zenith positions and levels of the maxillary.
The code is valid for the year 2020 for the submission of hipaacovered transactions. Hepatomelanosis definition of hepatomelanosis by medical. Depending on the site, depth, and quantity of pigment, the appearance can vary considerably. Cambodia phnom aural 1810 m5,938 ft gulf of thailand sea level 1810 m5,938 ft hermaphrodites with attitude of the transient neonatal pustular melanosis morbilliform field defaced with the kcef cef westover metropolitan airport westover air reserve base springfield chicopee, massachusetts microbiologists. Gingival zenith and its role in redefining esthetics. Shape the shape of the gingiva varies considerably depending on the shape of the teeth, their alignment in the arch, the location and size of the area of the proximal contact, the dimensions of the facial and lingual gingival embrasures, and the degree of gingival health rolled gingiva the gingival margin thickens and looks like a ring around the neck of the tooth. Tissue management, gingival retraction and hemostasis. The relationship of the gingival margins of the six maxillary anterior teeth plays an important role in the esthetic appearance ol the crowns. List of women members of the european parliament for ireland. One of the most common causes of oral pigmentation is smoker melanosis, a condition associated with the melanocyte stimulation caused by cigarette smoke. Gingival pigmentation was analyzed using the gingival melanosis record gmr and hedins classification with frontal oral photographs taken. Nicholas 1981 reported a case of amalgam tattoo of the labial gingiva in the maxillary anterior region treated by palatal gingival auto graft successfully.
Pipe smokers more frequently display pigmentation of the commissural and buccal mucosae. We present a case of a sudden onset of vitiligo vulgaris from a female patient in her twenties, treated at the department of dermatology and venereology. The journal is among the few not related to dermatological associations or belonging to respective societies which guarantees complete independence. Gingival periodontal index free download as powerpoint presentation. More common is an incompletely cleft tongue, appearing as midline fissure. This is the spellchex dictionary for online spell checking. Textbook of oral medicine oral diagnosis and oral radiology. Sep 29, 2015 a method including photomodulating mammalian tissue with more than one light source of narrowband, multi chromatic electromagnetic radiation, wherein at least one light source emits radiation at a wav. Assessment of survey radiography as a method for diagnosis of congenital cardiac disease in dogs pubmed. The gingiva is the pinkcolored keratinized mucosa that surrounds the teeth. The gingiva former may also be shaped as a temporary abutment that functions as a buildup and can support a temporary plastic crown in the healing process.